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Add the following element to the system.web>profile>providers web » profile » providers section of the web.config file (Single Role):

<add name="salesforce" type="FuseIT.Sitecore.SalesforceSecurityProvider.SalesforceProfileProvider, FuseIT.Sitecore.SalesforceSecurityProvider" connectionStringName="S4SConnString" readOnly="false"/>

For for Salesforce S4S Multi-Role Edition you need to add the following line instead of the line above:

<add name="salesforceContact" type="FuseIT.Sitecore.SalesforceSecurityProvider.SalesforceProfileProvider, FuseIT.Sitecore.SalesforceSecurityProvider" connectionStringName="S4SConnString" readOnly="false"/>

Additionally for Lead authentication add the following line:

<add name="salesforceLead" type="FuseIT.Sitecore.SalesforceSecurityProvider.SalesforceProfileProviderLead, FuseIT.Sitecore.SalesforceSecurityProvider" connectionStringName="S4SConnString" readOnly="false"/>

...

Add the following profile properties to the system.web>profile>properties web » profile » properties section of the web.config file (some fields only applicable for contact):

<add type="System.String" name="Country" customProviderData="S4S|MailingCountry|String"/>
<add type="System.String" name="City" customProviderData="S4S|MailingCity|String"/>
<add type="System.String" name="BirthDate" customProviderData="S4S|CreatedDate|DateTime"/>
<add type="System.String" name="DoNotEmail" customProviderData="S4S|IsDeleted|Boolean"/>
<!-- Person Accounts only: Add readOnly attribute to prevent S4S from writing to Salesforce if Person Accounts is on --> 
<add type="System.String" name="UserAccountId" customProviderData="S4S|AccountId|String" readOnly="true" />  

The above list of properties are is an example. The list can be expanded with other properties as per Adding Profile Properties (Pre-Sitecore 9).

Next Step

The Profile Provider is not currently implemented when utilising the Campaign Membership Provider.Adding Profile Properties (Pre-Sitecore 9)

Steps